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本文结合生产研究了碱性电炉冶炼30航空结构钢材中的发纹问题。大量生产检验结果的统计分析指出:发纹的平均长度与钢材尺寸有密切的关采,钢锭锻轧成材后,钢材直径越小,则出现的发纹也越长;340×340公厘见方的钢锭当加工成60～70公厘直径的钢材时出现发纹的机率最大;同时钢材中发纹分布与钢锭原来部位也有一定的关系。产生发纹的原因是由于链状非金属夹杂物的存在,如铁尖晶石(AL_2O_3·FeO)和铁尖晶石与刚玉的混合物(Al_2O_3·FeO;Al_2O_3)之类。生产试验证明:改善脱氧、采用不同的锻造比以及在锻造过程中进行扒皮可以大大减少以至完全消灭钢中发纹。
This article combines the production of basic electric furnace smelting 30 aviation structural steel hairline problem. The statistical analysis of the mass production inspection results indicates that the average length of the hairline is closely related to the size of the steel. The smaller the diameter of the steel after the ingot is forged and rolled, the longer the hairline appears. The 340 × 340 mm square Steel ingot when processed into 60 to 70 mm diameter steel, the greatest probability of hair lines; the same time, the distribution of the hair pattern in the steel and the original parts of the ingot also have a certain relationship. The reason for hair pattern is due to the existence of chain non-metallic inclusions such as iron spinel (AL 2 O 3 · FeO) and mixture of iron spinel and corundum (Al 2 O 3 · FeO; Al 2 O 3). Production tests show that improving deoxidation, using different forging ratios, and peeling during forging can be greatly reduced and even eliminated completely.