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自1949年在美国芝加哥市使用没有冷却装置的热壁式小型真空热处理炉进行退火以来已经经历了35年。初期的真空热处理炉不具有冷却功能,因而只能用于退火和时效处理,并且是小型的,生产能力很低。1958年,美国易卜生公司开发了用真空密封马达,使风机高速旋转,循环惰性气体而起强制对流作用,并利用热交换器加快冷却速度的真空热处理炉。由于这一发明,空冷钢几乎都能真空热处理。到了1970年,随着真空热处理淬火用油的
It has been 35 years since it was annealed in 1949 using a hot-wall mini-vacuum heat-treating furnace without a cooling unit in Chicago, USA. The initial vacuum heat treatment furnace does not have the cooling function, and therefore can only be used for annealing and aging treatment, and is small, low productivity. In 1958, Ibsen Company of the United States developed a vacuum heat treatment furnace that uses a vacuum-sealed motor to force the fan to rotate at a high speed and to circulate the inert gas for forced convection and utilize a heat exchanger to speed up the cooling. Because of this invention, almost all of the air-cooled steel can be heat-treated in vacuum. By 1970, with the heat treatment of vacuum quenching oil