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在山地整地形式中,“围山转”的水土保持效果是最好的,而“围山转”整地的第一道工序就是测定等高线。以往测定等高线有两种方法:一是用水准仪、罗盘仪等仪器测;二是目测。用仪器测虽然精度较高,但仪器价格昂贵,而且操做难度大,非专业人员不能熟炼应用,在地形复杂的地块测量速度缓慢。所以,在广大农村应用有很大的局限性。用目测的方法,则有很大的随意性,若经验不足,很难保证质量。经多年的实践,我们自制了一套简易水平仪,其使用材料简单,操做简便易行,测量速度快,精度较高。现将简易水平仪的制做和使用方法介绍如下。
In the form of mountain land preparation, the effect of soil and water conservation is the best, and the first procedure of soil preparation is to measure the contour line. Previous determination of contour lines in two ways: First, the use of level, compass and other equipment measured; the second is the visual inspection. Although the accuracy of instrument measurement, but the instrument is expensive, but also difficult to operate, non-professionals can not be proficient in applications, complex terrain in the measurement of slow speed. Therefore, in the vast rural areas have great limitations. With visual methods, there is a lot of randomness, if inexperienced, it is difficult to ensure quality. After many years of practice, we made a simple level instrument, the use of simple materials, easy to operate, fast measurement, high accuracy. Now the production and use of simple level instrument described below.