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本文对我国铁路焊接钢梁的裂纹原因作了初步分析,现已发现的裂纹基本上属于早期(两年以内)裂纹。产生裂纹的原因是:设计中未预计到的面外变形;焊接缺陷;由于连接方式不当或变位差而引起的次应力等。同时对这些带裂纹构件的加固方法及今后设计和制造中应注意的事项提出了建议。文中还对今后可能会产生疲劳裂纹的主要危险部位,如何改善其疲劳性能并延长其疲劳寿命等,提出了处理意见。
In this paper, a preliminary analysis is made of the cause of cracks in the welded steel girders of railway in our country. The cracks that have been found are basically the early (within two years) cracks. The causes of cracks are: unplanned out-of-plane deformation in the design; welding defects; secondary stress due to improper connection or displacement. At the same time, some suggestions about how to reinforce the cracked components and what should be noticed in the future design and manufacture are put forward. The paper also puts forward suggestions on how to improve the fatigue performance and prolong the fatigue life of the main dangerous parts that may cause fatigue cracks in the future.