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目的:对人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)在妇科临床上病例的感染特征进行观察,为宫颈癌的预防提供参考数据。方法:筛选有性生活史的妇科患者作为本次研究的研究对象。通过妇产科医生对患者进行采样,应用反向杂交膜技术基因芯片对样本进行HPV DNA检测;并对检测结果进行检出率显著性进行检验,并对其做出统计学分析。结果:共检测出4350里病例,其中HPV占总体的24.64%,检测结果中有23种亚型,其中有8.10%为16型,3.93%为43型,3.52%为58型以及3.31%为52型,与其他的19种亚型相比检出率结果十分突出。6型、11型、18型、33型、56型共占所有亚型检出率的1%到3%。仅有不到1%为剩余的14种亚型。并且随着检测的患者年龄阶段的增长,检出率也同样处于一个上升的趋势。不明原因出血病例以及阴道分泌物增多导致出血病例的检出率为30.76%,月经紊乱、不明原因阴道出血、阴道分泌物增多等症状的检出率为20.68%,80例宫颈鳞状上皮癌中均被检测出HPV,这其中有70.00%为16型,97.5%为高危型,而仅有2.5%为低危型感染;16.81%为外阴炎。结论:16型在妇科临床病例的HPV检出率中占据首位,43型、58型、52型紧随其后。而宫颈癌的检出率则高达100%,以宫颈炎为主以及阴道不明原因出血加阴道分泌物增多的病例检出率较高。同时通过检出率随年龄段增大而上升的情况可以看出HPV以及宫颈鳞状上皮癌防治的首要对象是高龄段的阴道不明原因阴道出血加分泌物增多以及宫颈炎性疾病的患者。
Objective: To observe the infection characteristics of human papilloma virus (HPV) in gynecological clinic and provide reference data for the prevention of cervical cancer. Methods: Screening gynecological patients with sexual life history as the object of this study. The patients were sampled by obstetrician and gynecologist, HPV DNA test was performed on samples by reverse hybridization membrane technology, and the detection rate of HPV was tested. The statistical analysis was made. Results: A total of 4350 cases were detected, of which HPV accounted for 24.64% of the total. There were 23 subtypes in the test results, of which 8.10% were type 16, 3.93% were type 43, 3.52% were type 58 and 3.31% were 52 Compared with the other 19 subtypes, the detection rate is very prominent. Types 6, 11, 18, 33, 56 together account for 1% to 3% of all subtypes. Less than 1% is the remaining 14 subtypes. And as the detected age of patients increases, the detection rate is also on the rise. The detection rate of bleeding cases caused by unexplained bleeding and vaginal discharge was 30.76%. The detection rate of menstrual disorders, vaginal bleeding of unknown reasons and vaginal discharge was 20.68%. In 80 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma HPV was detected in 70.00% of the patients, 97.5% of them were high-risk patients, while only 2.5% of them were low-risk patients; 16.81% of them were vulvar inflammation. Conclusion: Type 16 occupies the first place in the incidence of HPV in clinical cases of gynecology. Type 43, type 58 and type 52 follow closely. The detection rate of cervical cancer is as high as 100%, mainly to cervicitis and vaginal bleeding unexplained vaginal discharge increased cases of detection rate is higher. At the same time by the detection rate increases with age, the situation can be seen HPV and cervical squamous cell carcinoma prevention and treatment of the primary target is the vaginal bleeding in the elderly section of vaginal bleeding plus secretions and cervicitis disease patients.