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水稻两用核不育系冷水串灌繁殖和海南冬繁存在安全性差、产量不高不稳、种子质量差等问题,已严重影响到两系法杂交水稻的健康发展。利用全国740个气象站点近50 a的历史气象资料,根据水稻两用核不育系育性敏感期可育和抽穗扬花期安全对温度的要求,运用计算机处理技术,研制出不同不育起点温度水稻两用核不育系最佳繁殖基地和时段的计算机决策系统,根据该系统筛选出不育起点温度为22℃的水稻两用核不育系最佳繁殖基地为云南省保山市,最佳育性敏感始期为8月3日。2010年在云南省保山市对不育起点温度为22℃的C815S进行了大面积繁殖,获得8.44 t/hm2的高产。介绍了在低纬度高海拔地区繁殖水稻两用核不育系所具有的优势和应注意的事项。
The problems of poor water safety, poor yield and poor seed quality have been seriously affected by the cold water string breeding of dual-purpose nuclear sterile lines and the winter-flowering of Hainan, which have seriously affected the healthy development of two-line hybrid rice. Based on the historical meteorological data of 740 weather stations in China for nearly 50 years, according to the requirement of fertility and safety of flowering and flowering at the fertility sensitive stage of rice dual purpose nuclear fertility system, computerized techniques were used to develop different starting temperature According to the system, the optimal breeding base of two-purpose nuclear male sterile line with a starting point of sterility of 22 ℃ was selected as the optimal breeding base and period of the dual-purpose nuclear sterile line in rice in Baoshan, Yunnan Province. Fertility sensitive period of August 3. In 2010, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province, carried out a large-scale breeding of C815S with an initial sterility temperature of 22 ℃ and obtained a high yield of 8.44 t / hm2. The advantages and precautions of breeding dual-purpose nuclear male sterile lines in low latitude and high altitude area are introduced.