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以“秦美”猕猴桃果实为试材,研究其盛花后70~165d生长发育过程中呼吸强度、乙烯释放量、硬度、SSC、叶绿素含量、果肉和叶绿体中POD、SOD活性和MDA、O2-·含量的变化。结果表明:在盛花后70~165 d,果实的呼吸强度先上升后下降,盛花后110 d达最大值;乙烯的释放量逐渐上升,至采收时达最大值,说明刚采收的猕猴桃果实会释放乙烯,只是含量很低;果实硬度逐渐下降,可滴定酸先上升后下降;SSC和固酸比逐渐上升,SCC与盛花后时间呈极显著的线性正相关,可根据花后时间推测秦美猕猴桃的成熟度,结合测定果实的SSC,确定果实的最佳采收期。果肉和叶绿体中O2-·含量逐渐升高。盛花后70~150 d,果肉和叶绿体中的MDA含量、POD和SOD活性逐渐升高,而盛花后150~165 d则逐渐下降。叶绿体中的POD和SOD活性,MDA和O2-·含量分别是果肉中的1/10,1/10~1/20,1/8,1/2,极显著低于果肉(P<0.01),其中叶绿体中O2-·含量相对较高;总Chl、Chl a、Chl b、类胡萝卜素含量逐渐上升,说明叶绿体处于正常的生理状态,稳定地进行着光合作用和色素的积累。盛花后90~150 d,各色素含量快速上升,此时应施加氮肥,以保证植物进行光合作用和叶绿素合成对氮素的需求量。
The effects of respiration rate, ethylene release, hardness, SSC, chlorophyll content, POD and SOD activities in pulp and chloroplast, and MDA, O2 on the growth and development of 70 ~ - · Changes in content. The results showed that the respiration intensity of fruits increased firstly and then decreased from 70 to 165 days after full-bloom, reaching the maximum value on the 110th day after flowering, and the release of ethylene increased gradually to reach the maximum value at harvest, indicating that the freshly harvested kiwifruit fruit The content of SSC increased gradually and then decreased. The SSC and the ratio of solid to acid increased gradually, and the SCC showed a significant linear positive correlation with the time after flowering, which could be inferred from the post-flowering time The United States Kiwi maturity, combined with the determination of fruit SSC, to determine the best harvest of fruit. The content of O2- · in pulp and chloroplast gradually increased. From 70 to 150 days after flowering, the content of MDA and the activities of POD and SOD in pulp and chloroplasts increased gradually, but decreased gradually from 150 to 165 days after flowering. The activities of POD and SOD in chloroplast were significantly lower than those in pulp (P <0.01), the content of MDA and O2- · were 1/10, 1/10 ~ 1/20, 1/8, Among them, the content of O2- · in chloroplast was relatively high; the contents of total Chl, Chl a, Chl b and carotenoid gradually increased, indicating that chloroplast was in normal physiological state and photosynthesis and pigment accumulation stably. After 90 ~ 150 d of full bloom, the content of each pigment increased rapidly. At this time, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to ensure the plant nitrogen demand for photosynthesis and chlorophyll synthesis.