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软件许可协议中禁止反向工程条款的效力与软件行业的发展休戚相关,同时也是合同自由和社会创新天平上的重要砝码。在计算机产业界,软件之间的程序兼容性反向工程是普遍存在的。结合对美国和欧盟的司法实践的分析,可以认为程序兼容性反向工程是对计算机软件的一种合理使用。在DMCA后,由于立法的原因,美国对于软件许可协议中禁止反向工程条款的态度倾向于认定其有效。笔者认为,美国的判决在分析中存在问题,其优先适用理论在我国并不适用。基于我国现行法和相关法理,合理使用条款是强行法,软件许可协议中禁止反向工程条款除与强行性法律规范抵触的部分无效外,其余部分应当被认定为有效。
The effectiveness of the Prohibition of Reverse Engineering Clause in the Software License Agreement is tied to the development of the software industry and is also an important weight on contractual freedom and social innovation balances. In the computer industry, reverse compatibility with program compatibility among software is ubiquitous. Combined with the analysis of the judicial practice in the United States and the EU, it is considered that program compatibility reverse engineering is a reasonable use of computer software. After the DMCA, the United States, for legislative reasons, tended to conclude that the United States’ attitude of prohibiting reverse engineering clauses in software license agreements was valid. The author believes that there are problems in the analysis of the U.S. judgments, and its theory of priority is not applicable in our country. Based on the current law and related jurisprudence in China, the fair use clause is a forcible law. The provisions in the software license agreement that prohibit reverse engineering shall be deemed valid except that the clauses that contravene the rules of forcible law are invalid.