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目的通过检测新疆塔城北四县定点地人群氟中毒调查、监测饮水、饮茶水氟含量,了解饮茶与氟中毒的关系。方法选择地点对8~12岁儿童和成人的氟中毒调查,氟斑牙、氟中毒、尿氟的监测,确定饮茶型氟中毒各民族之间的分布情况。结果调查塔城地区北四县成人饮茶型氟中毒病情平均氟斑牙、氟骨症患病率分别19.44%,6.33%。哈萨克族的患病率为24.44%(370/1514),汉族的患病率为1.47%(4/273),哈萨克族的患病率明显高于汉族,并且经过统计学检验,χ2=73.77,P﹤0.05,该差异有统计学意义;在氟骨症方面,哈萨克族的患病率为8.16%(123/1506),而汉族的患病率为0.36%(1/276),哈萨克族的患病率也明显高于汉族,并且经过统计学检验,χ2=22.01,P﹤0.05,该差异有统计学意义。结论随饮砖茶摄取氟含量增加,引起饮茶人群氟含量增高,氟斑牙和氟骨症发病率高,存在饮砖茶量与氟中毒有正相关性关系。
Objective To investigate the fluorosis in the designated population of Beisi County in Tacheng, Xinjiang, and to monitor the fluorine content in drinking water and drinking tea to understand the relationship between drinking tea and fluorosis. Methods The survey was conducted to investigate fluorosis, dental fluorosis, urinary fluorosis in children and adults aged 8-12 years and to determine the distribution of drinking fluorosis among ethnic groups. Results The prevalence of fluorosis and fluorosis was 19.44% and 6.33% respectively in adults with drinking-type fluorosis in Beisi County, Tacheng. The prevalence rate of Kazakh was 24.44% (370/1514), Han nationality was 1.47% (4/273), the prevalence of Kazak was significantly higher than that of Han nationality, and the statistical test showed that χ2 = 73.77, P <0.05, the difference was statistically significant. In skeletal fluorosis, the Kazakh prevalence rate was 8.16% (123/1506), while the Han prevalence rate was 0.36% (1/276). The Kazakh The prevalence was also significantly higher than Han nationality, and after statistical test, χ2 = 22.01, P <0.05, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions With the increase of drinking water intake of brick tea, the content of fluoride in tea drinking crowd is increased, the incidence of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis is high, there is a positive correlation between drinking amount of tea and fluorosis.