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目的:了解儿科急诊疾病谱特点,提高儿科急诊医师的诊治水平和抢救成功率。方法:对2010-05-2011-05在我院儿科急诊就诊,随机选择诊断明确的6463例进行回顾性分析。结果:普通急诊患儿6172例(95.5%),发病年龄集中在28d～3岁,共4532例(73.43%),位列前五位疾病是上呼吸道感染4222例(68.41%),支气管炎623例(10.09%),腹泻病411例(6.66%),胃肠炎271(4.39%),支气管肺炎262例(4.24%)。重症急诊患儿291例(4.50%),发病年龄也集中在28d～3岁,共245例(84.19%),位列前5位疾病是重症肺炎99例(33.68%),惊厥67例(23.02%),腹泻病并脱水31例(11.00%),哮喘持续状态16例(5.5%),肺炎伴先心13例(4.47%)。结论:儿科急诊疾病谱以呼吸系统和消化系统常见的感染性疾病为主,发病年龄以婴幼儿居多,重症常继发休克、心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭而危及生命。应引起儿科急诊医生注意。
Objective: To understand the characteristics of pediatric emergency disease spectrum, improve the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric emergency physicians and rescue success rate. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 6463 cases with definite diagnosis was randomly selected in our pediatric emergency department from 2010-05-2011-05. Results: There were 6172 cases (95.5%) of common emergency cases and 452 cases (73.43%) with the age of onset ranging from 28 days to 3 years. The top five diseases were 4222 cases (68.41%) of upper respiratory tract infection, 623 (10.09%), 411 cases of diarrhea (6.66%), 271 (4.39%) of gastroenteritis and 262 cases (4.24%) of bronchopneumonia. There were 291 cases (4.50%) of severe acute patients and 245 cases (84.19%) with the age of onset between 28 days and 3 years. The top five diseases were severe pneumonia in 99 cases (33.68%) and convulsions in 67 cases (23.02% %), Diarrheal disease and dehydration in 31 cases (11.00%), 16 cases of persistent asthma (5.5%), 13 cases of pneumonia with congenital heart disease (4.47%). Conclusion: The pediatric emergency disease spectrum is mainly common in the respiratory and digestive systems. The age of onset is mostly infants and young children. Severe secondary complication is often secondary to shock, heart failure and respiratory failure. Pediatric emergency physicians should be alerted.