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目的探讨儿童白血病、淋巴瘤(ML)、再生障碍性贫血(AA)三种血液疾病的环境危险因素。方法采用1∶2配对的病例-对照流行病学研究设计,选择由宁夏医学院附属医院儿科确诊的儿童白血病、淋巴瘤、再生障碍性贫血患者51例;同时选择该院与病例同期住院非血液病患儿99例,通过问卷调查的方法收集两组人群的一般社会人口学特征、既往病史、儿童母亲孕期有害物质接触史、室内外环境状况及家族史等信息。对资料进行单因素与多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果家中养宠物可增加患三种血液疾病的危险性(P<0.10,OR=2.21);有既往感染史的儿童患三种疾病比例高于对照组(P<0.10,OR=2.44);居室地面装修材料为放射性材料患三种疾病的危险性高于对照组(P<0.05,OR=3.99);居室装修后在60d以内入住患白血病的危险性增加(P<0.05,OR=16.2)。结论家中养宠物、有既往感染史、居室装修是儿童白血病、ML、AA三种血液疾病发生的共同危险因素。
Objective To investigate the environmental risk factors of three kinds of blood diseases such as childhood leukemia, lymphoma (ML) and aplastic anemia (AA). Methods 51 cases of childhood leukemia, lymphoma and aplastic anemia diagnosed by Pediatrics of Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical College were selected by the 1: 2 matched case-control epidemiological study. At the same time, 51 cases of hospitalized non-blood 99 cases of sick children, the general social demographic characteristics, past medical history, exposure history of harmful substances during pregnancy of pregnant women, indoor and outdoor environmental status and family history were collected by questionnaire. Data were analyzed by single factor and multivariate logistic regression. Results Pet-raising at home increased the risk of three blood diseases (P <0.10, OR = 2.21). The prevalence of three diseases in children with previous infection was higher than that in controls (P <0.10, OR = 2.44) There was a higher risk of the floor covering material being radioactive material suffering from the three diseases (P <0.05, OR = 3.99). The risk of leukemia within 60 days after decoration was increased (P <0.05, OR = 16.2). Conclusion Domestic pets, past history of infection, bedroom decoration is a childhood leukemia, ML, AA three blood diseases common risk factors.