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序言随着对肾结石疾病代谢性紊乱的认识而导致以生理学紊乱为基础的肾石病的分类。大多数复发性肾石者可归纳为以下的主要几类:吸收性高钙尿1型;吸收性高钙尿2型;肾性高钙尿;原发性甲状旁腺机能亢进;高尿酸钙石;肠性高草酸尿;尿酸石;感染性尿石;肾小管酸中毒(RTA)和无代谢性异常。 RTA是一种肾体积无显性缩小的肾酸化失调,因损害了近曲小管碳酸氢盐重吸收(2型RTA),或氢离子分泌减少(1型RTA),而导致代谢性酸中毒。众所周知,RTA有下述危害:低血钾,骨骼异常和肾功能不全。因此,早期诊断对预后和治疗颇
Preface The classification of nephrolithiasis, which is based on physiological disorders, is a consequence of the understanding of the metabolic disorders of kidney stone disease. Most of the recurrent nephrolithiasis can be grouped into the following categories: Absorption of hypercalciuria type 1; Absorption of hypercalciuria type 2; Renal hypercalciuria; Primary hyperparathyroidism; Stone; intestinal hyperoxaluria; uric acid stone; infectious urolithiasis; renal tubular acidosis (RTA) and non-metabolic abnormalities. RTA is a nephrotic disorder with an insignificant renal volume that results from metabolic acidosis due to impairment of proximal tubule bicarbonate reabsorption (type 2 RTA) or decreased hydrogen ion secretion (type 1 RTA). As we all know, RTA has the following hazards: hypokalemia, skeletal abnormalities and renal insufficiency. Therefore, the early diagnosis of prognosis and treatment quite