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目的:探讨8～10岁女生姿势控制功能的发育特点及其与认知功能的关系。方法:随机选取某小学2～4年级女生90名,分为8、9、10岁组,每组30人;选取某大学健康的女大学生30名,作为成人组。采用美国产计算机平衡功能测试仪(Balance Master 8.0版)定量评价被试的姿势控制功能,采用瑞文标准推理测验评价小学女生的认知功能。结果:(1)静态平衡测验中,8、9岁组女生在闭眼稳定平台、睁眼及闭眼站在海绵垫上的重心晃动度均大于成人组,8岁组女生睁眼和闭眼站立在海绵垫上的重心晃动度均显著大于10岁组(P均<0.05)。(2)动态平衡测验中,8、9、10岁组女生左右方向运动的方向控制性均低于成人组(P<0.05);8、9岁组女生在前后方向的中、慢速运动的方向控制性均低于10岁组和成人组(P均<0.05);8岁组女生在快速运动中的方向控制性均低于其他组(P均<0.05)。(3)8岁组女生瑞文标准推理测验总分与节律性运动的方向控制性呈正相关,9岁组女生与闭眼海绵垫上站立时的重心晃动度呈负相关(P均<0.05)。结论:8～9岁女生姿势控制功能尚处于过渡期,10岁女生的姿势控制能力基本发育成熟。8～9岁女生姿势控制功能与认知功能相关。
Objective: To explore the developmental characteristics of postural control function and its relationship with cognitive function in 8 ~ 10-year-old girls. Methods: A total of 90 girls from grade 2 to grade 4 in a certain primary school were randomly selected and divided into groups of 8, 9 and 10, with 30 in each group. Thirty healthy female undergraduates were selected as adults. The balance test (Balance Master 8.0) was used to quantitatively evaluate the posture control function of the participants and the Ruvin standard inference test was used to evaluate the cognitive function of primary school girls. Results: (1) In the static balance test, the center of gravity of 8, 9-year-old girls standing on the sponge cushion was higher than that of the adult group on the stable platform with closed eyes, eyes open and eyes closed. The center of gravity of sponge pad was significantly greater than the 10-year-old group (all P <0.05). (2) In the dynamic balance test, the directional control of the left and right direction of the 8, 9 and 10 year old girls was lower than that of the adult group (P <0.05). In the 8 and 9 year old girls, The direction controllability was lower than that of the 10-year-old group and the adult group (P <0.05). The directional control of the 8-year-old girl was lower than that of the other groups (P <0.05). (3) There was a positive correlation between the Ravin ’s standard inference test and the directional control of rhythmic motor in 8 - year - old girls. There was a negative correlation between the 9 - year - old girl’ s center of gravity and standing center of gravity sponge cushion (P <0.05). Conclusion: The posture control function of 8 ~ 9-year-old girls is still in the transitional period. The posture control ability of 10-year-old girls is basically mature. 8 ~ 9-year-old girl postural control function and cognitive function.