过去一般认为 ,母权制过渡到父权制是在氏族公社内部自然形成的。本文对这一传统观点提出异议。作者从考察鲧以“产翁制”习俗对抗“图腾感生”神话之争、禹与涂山氏就子女归属权及姓氏即世系权之争、启以世袭制取代禅让制等重大历史现象入手 ,引证《楚辞·天问》、《史记》等古代典籍 ,对父系家族在崛起过程中与母系氏族的抗争进行深入剖析 ,证明鲧禹启之间贯穿着一条父权制崛起的发展脉络。由于鲧禹启三代的持续努力 ,确立了男性生育权、父系姓氏即世系权、父子世袭权 ,才完成了夏民族由母权制向父权制的过渡 In the past, it was generally believed that the transition from matriarchal to patriarchy naturally took place within the clan communes. This article objections to this traditional view. After examining the myths of the “totem induction” in the custom of “making Weng-Tung”, Yu and Tu Shan started their dispute about the ownership of the children and the family name right, , Quoting “Chu Ci Tian Wen”, “Historical Records” and other ancient books, the paternal clan in the rise of matriarchal clan during the rise of the analysis of in-depth proof that Yu Yuqi runs between the rise of a patriarchal development context. As a result of the continuous efforts of Kuang Yuqi’s three generations, the establishment of the male reproductive rights, paternal surnames, that is, the right of descendants and patrilineal hereditary right completed the transition from matriarchal to patriarchy