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人类社会发展史表明,道德的价值和本质在于维护人类本质和促进人类自我完善的实现。因此,道德从它产生并发生作用的时候起,就被历史地赋予了深刻的文化含义,它是在文化的系统运动中生成和发展,并在文化系统整体运行中发挥其全部功能。所以,在研究道德的文化意义时,有必要引进“道德文化场”的概念加以深入探讨。恩格斯说过:“一切以往的道德归根到底都是当时的经济状况的产物”(《马克思恩格斯选集》第三卷第133—134页)。所谓“道德文化场”,实际上就是以社会经济关系为客观背景和信息源,以社会道德结构为作用对象,由不同的道德文化层经过道德实践的中介互相联结、耦合而形成的比较稳定的信息转换系统。引进并深入研究“道德文化场”问题,对于科学地揭示道德活动系统的规律和模型,促进现阶段的道德建设,具有一定的积极意义。
The history of the development of human society shows that the value and nature of morality lie in safeguarding the essence of human beings and promoting the realization of human self-improvement. As a result, morality has been historically endowed with profound cultural meanings since its emergence and function. It is generated and developed in the systematic movement of culture and performs its full function in the overall operation of the cultural system. Therefore, in studying the cultural significance of morality, it is necessary to introduce the concept of “moral and cultural field” for further discussion. Engels said: “All past morals are, in the final analysis, a product of the then economic conditions” (Selected Works of Marx and Engels, vol. III, pp. 133-134). The so-called “moral and cultural field” is in fact the social and economic relations as the objective background and source of information, the social moral structure as the role of object, from different moral and cultural layers through the intermediary of moral practice interdependent, coupled to form a relatively stable Information conversion system. The introduction and in-depth study of the issue of “moral and cultural field” have some positive implications for scientifically disclosing the laws and models of the system of moral activities and promoting the moral construction at this stage.