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20世纪初,自大工业生产开始以来,农业生产逐步走向社会化,较大幅度地提高了劳动生产率。据统计,发达国家20世纪初期,在国民经济增长中,应用科学技术成果的作用占20％。到了70年代末,不少国家应用科学技术成果的作用达到50—70％。美国在1929—1972年间,农业生产增长值的81％和劳动生产率提高的71％,都归功于农业科学技术和农业技术推广;据美国农业部经济局分析,从1939年到1972年,对农业研究和推广工作每投资1美元,可在13年内获得4.3美元的收益。苏联经济学家测算,农业科研每投资1卢布可获得7—8卢布的收益。法国农业科研每花1法朗,农业部门可增加产值100法朗,工业食品部门为300法朗,效益更为显著。近30年来,日本农业恢复发展迅速,其原因之一,就是他们特别重视农业科学技术,充分发挥科学技术成果对于改造和革新农业生产各部门的作用。
Since the beginning of the 20th century, since the beginning of industrial production, agricultural production has gradually become socialized, greatly improving labor productivity. According to statistics, in the early twentieth century in developed countries, in the national economic growth, the role of applying scientific and technological achievements accounted for 20%. By the late 1970s, the role of many countries in applying scientific and technological achievements reached 50-70%. The United States in 1929-1972, 81% of agricultural production growth and 71% increase in labor productivity, thanks to agricultural science and technology and agricultural technology promotion; According to the United States Department of Agriculture Bureau of Economic Analysis, from 1939 to 1972, the agricultural For every $ 1 invested in research and outreach, you can earn $ 4.3 in 13 years. Soviet economists estimate that agricultural research can earn 7-8 rubles for every 1 ruble of investment. In France, agricultural research costs 1 francs, the agricultural sector can increase the output value of 100 francs, and the industrial food sector to 300 francs, with more significant benefits. One of the reasons for the rapid development of Japanese agriculture in the past 30 years is that they attach special importance to agricultural science and technology and give full play to the role of science and technology achievements in reforming and reforming all sectors of agricultural production.