村民自治制度作为我国农村民主制度建设的主体 ,在实践中显示出了强大的活力和蓬勃的生机。村民自治制度形成的原因很多 ,本文运用经济分析的方法 ,在成本—收益理论的框架下 ,从政府、村民、村民自治制度三个不同的层面出发 ,揭示出了实行村民自治制度必然性的经济上的原因 As the mainstay of the construction of China’s rural democratic system, the system of villagers’ autonomy shows a strong vitality and vigorous vitality in practice. There are many reasons for the formation of the system of villager autonomy. Based on the cost-benefit theory, this article uses the method of economic analysis to reveal the necessity of economic autonomy for the villagers from three different levels: government, villager and villager autonomy s reason