目的探索嗜人按蚊分布区疟疾低发病水平的流行病学特征 ,为制定灭疟后期的管理与监测方案提供科学依据。方法用人工捕捉或人工诱饵法监测人房、牛房按蚊密度及睡前叮人率 ;用间接荧光抗体试验进行学生血清学监测 ;以血检阳性病人计算发病率。结果人房、牛房嗜人按蚊平均密度分别为 2 .1 6只 /5 0床、5 .1 0只 /人工小时 ;睡前嗜人按蚊平均叮人率为 1 .2 5只 /人·夜 ,与 1 982年调查相比均显著下降 ;间接荧光抗体法监测学生阳性率为 0 .2 3 % ;血检率为 1 .90 % ,年平均发病率为 0 .4 9/万 ,呈逐年下降趋势。结论今后疟疾防治与监测工作重点仍然是嗜人按蚊分布区 ,三热病人血检率 1 %以上可及时发现临床病人 ;正规治疗病人和疫点处理可巩固疟防成果 Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of low incidence of malaria in an anopheles anthropophagus and to provide a scientific basis for the development of management and monitoring programs for the latter part of malaria control. Methods The artificial or artificial bait method was used to monitor the density of human and anopheles, and the rate of bedtime breech. The indirect fluorescent antibody test was used to monitor the students’ serology. The incidence of positive test was calculated. Results The average density of Anopheles anthropophagus was 2.16 / 50 beds and 5.10 / artificial hour, respectively. The average bite rate of Anopheles anthropophagus before bedtime was 1.25 / People and night, compared with the survey in 1982, were significantly decreased; indirect fluorescent antibody monitoring students positive rate was 0.23%; blood test was 1.90%, the average annual incidence of 0.49 million , Showing a downward trend year by year. Conclusion In the future, the focus of malaria control and monitoring is still the distribution of Anopheles anthropophagus. The rate of blood test of more than 1% of three fever patients can be quickly found in clinical patients; regular treatment of patients and outbreak treatment can consolidate the results of malaria prevention