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目的通过对诺瓦克样病毒胃肠炎集体爆发的调查和证实,总结处理不明原因疾病的经验。方法运用流行病学方法对3所幼儿园和1所小学发生的急性胃肠炎集体爆发进行调查,对病人粪便样本进行诺瓦克样病毒核酸检验。结果4起集体爆发的胃肠炎均以恶心呕吐为主要表现,有2个发病高峰,病程较短,有自愈倾向,没有明显的年龄、班级、楼层分布的集中趋势。对第4起爆发的22份病人粪便样本进行诺瓦克病毒的PCR检测,其中19份阳性,同时有4份经DNA测序证实与诺瓦克样病毒同源。结论此一系列不明原因的胃肠炎是由诺瓦克样病毒引起的。这是我国证实由诺瓦克样病毒感染而引起的集体性急性胃肠炎的爆发。
Objective To investigate and confirm the collective outbreak of Norwalk-like virus gastroenteritis and summarize the experience of treating unexplained diseases. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to investigate the collective outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in three kindergartens and one primary school. Norwalk-like virus nucleic acid was used to examine the stool samples of patients. Results The four gastroenteritis cases were mainly nausea and vomiting. There were 2 peak incidences, shorter duration and tendency of self-healing. There was no obvious concentration trend of age, class and floor distribution. Norwalk virus PCR was performed on the faeces of 22 patients from the 4th outbreak, of which 19 were positive and 4 were confirmed by DNA sequencing to be homologous to Norwalk-like virus. Conclusion This series of unexplained gastroenteritis is caused by Norwalk-like virus. This is an outbreak of collective acute gastroenteritis confirmed by our country as being caused by Norwalk-like virus infection.