盛宣怀(1844-1916),字杏荪,别号愚斋,江苏武进人,中国近代教育发展史上有影响的人物之一。甲午战争后,盛宣怀认为欲图自强,当以作育人才,筹设学堂为先,以兴学堂为己任。清光绪二十一年(1895)任天津海关道时,盛宣怀奏准设立天津中西学堂,规定头等学堂应修习普通学科和专门学科,它是中国新式大学设置的雏形。光绪二十二年(1896)他曾赞助钟天纬在上海设立三等公学,同年11月他奏陈自强大计,分练兵、理财、育才三事,并请设立达成馆。光绪二十三年(1897),他在上海创设南洋公学,分设四院,其中师范院即师范学堂,是中国师范学校最早者之一。其余外院、中院、上院则相当于小学堂、中学堂、大学堂,各习四年,三级衔接,依次递升。此三级学制对中国新式系统学制的建立起了一定作用。南洋公学附设译书院,在编辑教本,广译和介绍各国政治要籍方面,也做出一定贡献。盛宣怀于1916年4月27日在上海病逝。他的著作有《愚斋存稿》等。 Sheng Xuanhuai (1844-1916), one of the most influential figures in the history of modern Chinese education, is Xingxing Sun, alien Yuezhai, and Wujin, Jiangsu Province. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, Sheng Xuanhuai believed that he wanted to be self-reliance. Twenty-one years Guangxu reign (1895) served as Tianjin Customs Road, Sheng Xuanhuai allowed to set up the Tianjin Chinese and Western schools, provisions of the first class should be subject to ordinary subjects and specialized disciplines, it is the prototype of China’s new university settings. Twenty-two years Guangxu (1896) He had sponsored Zhong Tianwei in Shanghai set up third-class public schools, the same year in November he played Chen Ziqiang plan, sub-military training, financial management, Yucai three things, and the establishment of the Hall of Achievement. Twenty-three years Guangxu (1897), he founded in Shanghai Nanyang Public School, divided into four homes, of which the teacher training school that is normal school, is one of the earliest Chinese Normal School. The rest of the outer court, middle court, upper house is equivalent to the primary school, secondary school, college, each study for four years, three levels of convergence, followed by rising. This three-level system has played a certain role in establishing a new system of Chinese system. Nanyang Public School attached translation college, in editing the textbook, translating and introducing the political dignitaries of various countries, but also make some contribution. Sheng Xuanhuai died in Shanghai on April 27, 1916. His books include “Fool’s Day” and so on.