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针对深井沿空留巷围岩非对称变形与控制难题,综合现场调研、理论分析、数值模拟及实测方法,探析围岩矿压显现几何形态、严重程度及动态演化过程,阐明深井沿空留巷围岩不对称变形破坏机制,并提出围岩结构分级分区耦合支护关键技术。结果表明:1)围岩剪切塑性破坏区和拉伸塑性破坏区主要分布于采空区边缘直接顶、实体煤帮和底板中,分布范围大且不均匀;2)关键部位(充填区域顶板)碎裂引发围岩各区域支护体被逐个击溃,依次是充填体偏心受载压裂、巷内顶板倾斜下沉、片帮外鼓和严重底鼓;3)煤岩层成岩性差且分布不均衡、不对称围岩结构的非耦合支护及其在强采动高应力状态下碎裂扩容、长期蠕变是围岩非对称变形的主因;4)将留巷围岩划分为4级9个支护分区,并具体分析各分区支护体力学效应及其保持围岩稳定性方面的作用,研究成果应用于深部沿空留巷并取得良好效果。
In view of the asymmetric deformation and control problems of surrounding rock in gob-side entry retaining in deep mine, the geomorphology, severity and dynamic evolution process of rock pressure have been analyzed by comprehensive field investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field survey. Asymmetric deformation and failure mechanisms of surrounding rock are presented and the key technologies of coupled support of grading and division of surrounding rock are proposed. The results show that: 1) the plastic shear zone and tensile plastic failure zone of surrounding rock are mainly distributed in the direct top of edge of mined-out area, solid coal gangue and bottom plate with large and uneven distribution; 2) ) Fragmentation led to various areas of the surrounding rock body is defeated one by one, followed by the filling body eccentric load fracturing, roof inclined slab sinking, sheet to help the outer drum and serious bottom drum; 3) poor rock formation and distribution of coal is not Uncoupled support of balanced and asymmetrical surrounding rock structures and their expansion and failure under strong mining and high stress conditions, long-term creep is the main cause of the asymmetric deformation of surrounding rock; 4) Dividing the surrounding rock into 4 grades 9 A division of support and specific analysis of the mechanical effects of the support body partition and its role in maintaining the stability of the surrounding rock, the research results applied to deep gob-side entry and achieved good results.