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流行性脑脊髓膜炎(以下简称流脑)是在全世界范围内出现发病或流行的呼吸道传染病,也是我国农村冬春季儿童中常见的传染病。国外在非洲中部有经常性的流行,1974年在芬兰和巴西都有流行,根据联合国世界卫生组织报告的病例统计,平均每年发病率每10万人口为3～5人。而我国发病较高,大部分地区约每隔8～10年出现一次流行高峰。最近,在1967年及1977年均引起了较大范围的流行,并在偏僻山区引起暴发流行。病死率在国内约4～5％,国外常在10％左右。引起流脑发病的原因是由于易感的人受到脑膜炎双球菌的传染而发病。传染源是病人或带菌者,
Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (hereinafter referred to as meningitis) is a worldwide epidemic of respiratory disease or epidemic, but also in rural China in winter and spring common infectious diseases. Foreign countries have regular epidemic in central Africa, and have been popular in Finland and Brazil in 1974. According to the statistics of the WHO reported by the World Health Organization, the average annual incidence rate is 3-5 people per 100,000 population. In our country, the incidence is relatively high, and the epidemic peak appears in most areas about every 8 to 10 years. Recently, a large epidemic was elicited in both 1967 and 1977 and caused an outbreak in remote mountainous areas. Mortality in the country about 4 to 5%, often abroad about 10%. The cause of mycosis is due to the susceptibility of people infected with meningococcal disease. The source of infection is the patient or carrier,