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道德合理性是对道德何以可能的回答,是伦理学的基础问题。康德诉诸实践理性的先天分析,构建了以道德法则为原则,以主体人为基础,以自由、平等为核心价值理念的道德理论体系,对道德合理性进行了卓越论证。康德理论的重要成果和遗留问题,对后来西方伦理学思想的发展有巨大影响,是现代性道德建设的重要理论前提。一些现代理性主义者在道德合理性论证中,继承并深化了康德这一思想,如哈贝马斯。人类社会正经受着前所未有的道德考验,道德合理性的构建,不仅是理论的期盼,更是现实的祈求。在此意义上,有必要对康德的道德合理性构建思想展开深入分析。
Moral rationality is the possible answer to morality and the basic problem of ethics. Kant resorts to the innate analysis of practical rationality, constructs the moral theory system based on the principle of morality, based on subject person and taking the concept of freedom and equality as core value, and demonstrates the moral rationality rationally. The important achievements and the legacy problems of Kant’s theory have a great influence on the development of western ethics later, which is an important theoretical premise of modern morality construction. Some modern rationalists inherit and deepen Kant’s thought in the argument of moral rationality, such as Habermas. Human society is experiencing an unprecedented moral test. The construction of moral rationality is not only the expectation of the theory, but also the prayers of reality. In this sense, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth analysis of Kant’s thought of constructing moral rationality.