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随着我国经济的快速发展和能源需求量的不断增长,多种以海洋为基础的工业实现快速发展,海运业、船舶制造业、海上石油开采等行业均在此列。由此造成的海洋油污损害十分严重,对经济和环境影响巨大,但目前我国法律体系中还没有比较完善的海洋油污损害赔偿模式,受害人维权困难。本文从我国海洋油污现状入手,结合国际公约、美国、加拿大等发达国家的治理经验,提出了改革海洋行政管理结构,完善海洋油污损害赔偿的相关法律法规,健全油污损害赔偿基金等解决措施,以期对我国海洋油污损害赔偿机制的构建提供明确的研究方向。
With the rapid economic development in our country and the increasing demand for energy, various marine-based industries have witnessed rapid growth. Maritime industries, shipbuilding industries and offshore oil exploration industries are all listed here. The resulting marine oil pollution damage is very serious, which has a huge impact on the economy and the environment. However, at present, there is no perfect marine oil pollution damage compensation system in our legal system, and victims’ rights protection is difficult. This article starts with the current situation of marine oil pollution in our country, and combines the experience of governance in developed countries like the United States and Canada with the international conventions, proposes the relevant laws and regulations on reforming the marine administrative structure, perfecting the compensation for marine oil pollution damage, Provide a clear research direction for the construction of marine oil pollution damage compensation mechanism in China.