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以华北平原玉米‖大豆为研究对象,研究间作对农田土壤CO2、CH4和N2O排放的影响,在此基础上对系统净温室气体平衡(Net greenhouse gas balance,△GWP)进行评价。结果表明,整个生育期玉米单作处理(M)的CO2累积排放最高(12.6t/hm2),玉米大豆间作处理比M处理减少4.0%~8.9%。M处理的土壤N2O排放最高(16.0kg/hm2),显著高于间作处理,间作处理比M减少32.2%~36.6%(P<0.05)。间作和单作处理间土壤CH4排放没有显著差异(P>0.05)。土壤CO2排放动态主要与土壤温度显著相关,而土壤N2O排放则主要与土壤水分含量显著相关(P<0.05)。不同系统的△GWP不同,M系统的△GWP为8 681kg/hm2,高于等行距间作系统(6 635kg/hm2),而低于宽窄行间作系统(9 753kg/hm2)。结果显示,合理的玉米‖大豆间作模式能够减少农田温室气体排放。
This paper studied the effects of intercropping on CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions from farmland so as to evaluate the net greenhouse gas balance (△ GWP) in North China Plain. The results showed that the cumulative CO2 emission of maize single crop (M) during the whole growth period was the highest (12.6t / hm2), and that of intercropping maize was 4.0% ~ 8.9% lower than that of M treatment. N treatment had the highest N2O emission (16.0kg / hm2), which was significantly higher than that of intercropping treatment, and the intercropping treatment decreased 32.2% -36.6% (P <0.05) compared with M treatment. There was no significant difference in soil CH4 emission between intercropping and single treatment (P> 0.05). Soil CO2 emission dynamics are mainly related to soil temperature, while soil N2O emissions are mainly correlated with soil moisture (P <0.05). For different systems, the △ GWP is different. The △ GWP of M system is 8 681kg / hm2, which is higher than that of the same row spacing system (6 635kg / hm2) and lower than the width interlacing system (9 753kg / hm2). The results show that a reasonable corn-soybean intercropping model can reduce farmland greenhouse gas emissions.