论文部分内容阅读
在马克思主义批判理论的宏旨下,法兰克福学派从多种视角出发继承和发展了马克思主义。霍克海默将其理论阐明为一种“批判理论”;阿多诺提出了以连续否定为核心的否定辨证法;马尔库塞先后将海德格尔、黑格尔、弗洛伊德与马克思的思想结合起来,对当代资本主义社会以及苏联马克思主义进行了有力的批判;弗洛姆将马克思主义视为一种人学,将其与精神分析学结合起来提出了“社会性格”等新范畴,并力图以此揭示经济基础和上层建筑相互作用的微观机制;哈贝马斯在批判吸收历史唯物主义的基础上,运用其交往理论的解释框架提出了以主体间的互动为社会发展基本动力的理论。
Under the impetus of Marxist critical theory, the Frankfurt School inherited and developed Marxism from various perspectives. Horkheimer expounded his theory as a kind of “critical theory”; Adorno proposed the negative dialectics with continuous negation as the core; Marcuse successively described Heidegger, Hegel, Freud Marx’s thought combined with a strong critique of contemporary capitalist society and Soviet Marxism; Fromm Marxism as a kind of human science, combined with psychoanalysis proposed “social character” And attempt to reveal the micro-mechanism of economic foundation and the interaction between superstructure; Habermas, based on the critique of absorbing historical materialism, and using the explanation framework of his communicative theory, put forward the idea of taking the interaction of the subject as the social The theory of developing basic motivation.