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古罗马法格言曰:“不知法律不免责”。这说明传统刑法理论并不要求在犯罪故意中有违法性认识。我国刑法关于犯罪故意的规定也未提出明知行为违法性的条件。然而随着刑法理论的发展和社会生活的日益复杂,违法性认识是否是犯罪故意的必备要件,刑法上的违法性认识是什么意义上的违法性,中外刑法学者产生了一些不同的看法。纵观刑事司法原则与时俱进的发展方向,横看世界各国立法改革的大体趋势,笔者认为,我国刑法也应以违法性认识取代社会危害性作为犯罪故意的成立条件。
Ancient Roman law said: “I do not know the law is not responsible for”. This shows that the traditional theory of criminal law does not require the illegality of crime intentionally. China’s Criminal Law on the crime of intentional provisions also did not put forward the conditions of knowledge of behavior illegality. However, with the development of the theory of criminal law and the increasingly complicated social life, whether the understanding of illegality is an essential requirement of criminal intention and whether the understanding of illegality in the criminal law is illegitimate or not have led to some different opinions. Throughout the development of the criminal justice principle keeping pace with the times and looking at the general trend of legislative reforms in various countries in the world, the author believes that our country’s criminal law should replace the social harmfulness with the awareness of illegality as a condition for setting up criminal intention.