水陆画是中国传统绘画的一个重要门类,是以道教、佛教与鬼神信仰为主要内容的绘画。它的前身为道释画,汉唐以来,道释画极为流行,名家辈出,留下了大批道释画。道释画以道佛儒三家的神灵、佛菩萨及圣贤为绘画的对象,包括天界、地狱、人间的天神地祇、人鬼精怪、各色人物等,可谓宗教艺术、民间美术类型的重要代表。这里仅就水陆画中的道教神灵而言,探讨道教神灵信仰的渊源及其文化背景。 Water and land paintings are an important category of traditional Chinese painting and are mainly paintings based on Taoism, Buddhism and ghosts and gods’ beliefs. It is the predecessor of Daozhuang painting, since the Han and Tang Dynasties, Daozha painting is extremely popular, famous come forth in large numbers, leaving a large number of Taoist paintings. Taoist paintings are based on the gods, Buddhas, saints and sages of the Taoist Buddhism, including the heaven, the hell, the earthly god only, the ghosts, the colored characters, etc. It is an important representative of religious art and folk art genres. Here only for Taoist gods in water and land paintings, explore the origin of Taoist gods and their cultural background.