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国有企业私有化,是俄罗斯向市场经济转轨进程中的一个核心问题。俄政府期望通过推行私有化,转变国民经济管理体制和运行机制,实现经济结构和产业结构调整,并促成一个广泛的私有者阶层,为建立有效的市场经济奠定基础。一、俄企业私有化的基本战略俄罗斯联邦议会1991年7月3日颁布的《俄罗斯联邦国有和市有企业私有化法》和1992年6月11日通过的《俄罗斯联邦1992年国有和市有企业私有化国家纲领》,是调节俄企业私有化进程的两个基本文件。在这两份文件中,对俄企业私有化的概念、范围、基本方式和大体时间表,作了规定。
The privatization of state-owned enterprises is a central issue in the process of Russia’s transition to a market economy. The Russian government expects to implement privatization, change the national economic management system and operational mechanism, achieve economic restructuring and industrial restructuring, and promote an extensive private sector, laying the foundation for an effective market economy. First, the basic strategy of privatization of Russian companies The “Russian Federal State-owned and Municipal-owned Enterprises Privatization Act” promulgated by the Russian Federation Parliament on July 3, 1991 and the Russian Federation of State-owned and Municipalities of 1992, passed on June 11, 1992 The “Public Programme for Privatization of Enterprises” is the two basic documents regulating the privatization process of Russian companies. In these two documents, the concept, scope, basic methods and general timetable of the privatization of Russian companies were stipulated.