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[目的]探讨槟榔对小鼠结肠Cajal间质细胞(ICC)超微结构的影响及其与肠神经的关系。[方法]60只小鼠随机分为4组,每组15只。对照组、甘草组、槟榔组及莫沙必利组每天分别给予等体积的0.85%氯化钠、甘草溶液(3.75g/kg)、槟榔溶液(5g/kg)、莫沙必利溶液(0.4mg/kg)灌胃,15d后透射电镜观察各组小鼠结肠组织ICC的超微结构、分布及其与肠神经的关系。[结果]对照组结肠组织ICC呈纺锤形,有巨大的卵圆形核及向外伸展的长突起,胞质内有丰富的线粒体、大量滑面内质网和粗面内质网;与对照组比较,甘草组小鼠结肠组织中的ICC向外伸展的突起变短小,胞质和细胞器减少,线粒体空泡化,线粒体嵴模糊,内质网扩张,细胞核膜部分不完整;槟榔组、莫沙必利组小鼠结肠组织中ICC向外伸展的突起变长,胞质内线粒体、内质网及核糖体增多。对照组环肌层和纵肌层内ICC与肠神经元之间形成突触样连接,ICC突起包绕神经纤维;甘草组小鼠结肠组织内ICC与周围的肠神经元轴突间突触样连接被破坏,神经纤维结构模糊;而槟榔组及莫沙必利组小鼠结肠组织内ICC与周围的肠神经元轴突间突触样连接增多。[结论]ICC具有独特的超微结构,改变其与肠神经系统解剖与结构上的特殊关系可能是槟榔调节胃肠功能的基础。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of areca nut on the ultrastructure of interstitial cells (ICC) of colon Cajal in mice and its relationship with enteric nerve. [Method] Sixty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups with 15 rats in each group. The control group, licorice group, betel nut group and mosapride group were given equal volume of 0.85% sodium chloride, licorice solution (3.75g / kg), betel nut solution (5g / kg), mosapride solution mg / kg). After 15 days, the ultrastructure and distribution of ICC in colonic tissue of mice in each group were observed by transmission electron microscope. [Result] The ICC of the control group showed a spindle shape with a huge oval nucleus and long protuberances extending outward. The cytoplasm was rich in mitochondria, a large number of sliding endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Compared with the control Compared with the control group, the protuberances of ICC in the colon of licorice group were shortened, the cytoplasm and organelles were reduced, mitochondria were vacuolized, the mitochondrial cristae were blurred, the endoplasmic reticulum was dilated, and the nuclear membrane part was incomplete. Prolonged ICC outgrowth in the colon tissues of the saporillin-treated mice resulted in an increase in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes in the cytoplasm. In the control group, synaptic connections between ICC and enteric neurons in the muscular layer and the longitudinal muscle layer of the control group were formed, and the ICC protrusions surrounded the nerve fibers. The synaptic pattern between the ICC in the licorice group and the surrounding axon of the enteric neurons The connection was destroyed, the structure of nerve fiber was vague; but there were more synaptic-like connections between the ICC in the areca group and the axon of the surrounding enteric neurons in the areca nut group and the mosapride group. [Conclusion] ICC has a unique ultrastructure. Changing its special relationship with the anatomy and structure of enteric nervous system may be the basis of betel nut regulating gastrointestinal function.