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隧洞施工中,由于地质情况不明,经常出现塌方、涌水、冒顶等地质灾害,十分需要开展地质超前预报方法研究。基于不良地质体与围岩的弹性波波速差异的地球物理超前预报方法主要有水平声波剖面法、地震波反射“负视速度”法和TSP-203系统等3种方法。从3种方法的基本原理和工程应用实例出发,对比分析了各种方法的优缺点,提出了以TSP-203系统为主的综合预报思路。
Due to the unknown geological conditions and the frequent occurrence of geological disasters such as landslides, gushing water and falling roofs, it is highly necessary to carry out the study on geological advance forecasting methods in tunnel construction. The methods of geophysical prediction based on the difference of elastic wave velocity between poor geologic body and surrounding rock mainly include three methods: horizontal acoustic wave profile method, seismic wave reflection, “negative-viewing velocity” method and TSP-203 system. Based on the basic principles and application examples of the three methods, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared and analyzed, and the idea of comprehensive forecast based on TSP-203 system is put forward.