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地质雷达是探测地雷的有前途的技术方法之一。影响地质雷达探测地雷能力的因素很多,其中有:1)地雷材料(金属的或塑料的)的类型;2)周围土壤的条件(土壤结构和土壤中水分);3)所用的雷达频率。通过对地雷与围岩土壤之间的介电常数以及雷达波衰减的影响的研究调查了影响地质雷达探测地雷能力的几个因素从理论上评价和模拟了每一种因素的影响。发现雷达探测地雷的能力很大程度上与雷达类型、土壤含水量和结构,以及雷达频率有关。在任何土壤条件与雷达频率下,金属雷达比塑料雷达容易探测。不考虑土壤结构, 随着土壤中水分增大,对塑料雷达的探测变得容易,而对金属地雷探测难度增大。土壤中泥土含量比例增大引起与水分增大同样的影响。然而只要土壤中泥土和水分比例较低,较高雷达频率可以得到较好的地雷探测结果。研究结果有助于依据地雷类型和环境条件来选择最佳的雷达天线与数据采集参数。
Geological radars are one of the promising technological ways to detect mines. There are many factors affecting the capability of GPR to detect mines, including: 1) the type of mine material (metal or plastic); 2) the conditions of the surrounding soil (soil structure and soil moisture); 3) the radar frequency used. The influence of each factor on the ability of GPR to detect mines was investigated by studying the influence of the dielectric constant between the mines and surrounding rock soils and the attenuation of the radar waves. The ability of radars to detect mines is found to a large extent related to the type of radar, soil moisture content and structure, and radar frequency. Metallic radars are easier to detect than plastic radars at any soil condition and radar frequency. Regardless of soil structure, as the water in the soil increases, detection of plastic radars becomes easier, and detection of metal mines becomes more difficult. Increasing the proportion of soil in the soil causes the same effect as increasing moisture. However, as long as the ratio of soil to moisture in the soil is low, the higher radar frequency will give better mine detection results. The findings help to choose the best radar antenna and data acquisition parameters based on the type of mine and the environmental conditions.