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进入新世纪以来,发达国家先后实施了加快高端制造业发展的国家战略和计划,提振实体经济,增强国家竞争优势;新兴发展中国家也先后加快实施制造业发展的规划和战略,以要素成本优势抢占制造业中低端市场。为了应对国内外制造业竞争新态势,推动制造业转型升级,抢占制造业竞争制高点,我国推出了“中国制造2025”战略。未来中国制造业发展所面临的深层次挑战,不仅要求中国充分学习发达国家工业化过程中的普遍制度和共性创新实践,更要求中国以科学与技术为保障,从自身独特的产业基础、人力资源、市场需求等方面,构建并不断提升其独特的制造业核心能力。
Since the beginning of the new century, the developed countries have successively implemented the state strategy and plan to speed up the development of the high-end manufacturing industry, boosted the real economy and enhanced their national competitive advantages. The emerging developing countries have also accelerated the implementation of their plans and strategies for manufacturing development, Advantage to seize the manufacturing low-end market. In order to cope with the new situation of domestic and international manufacturing competition, promote transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry and seize the commanding height of manufacturing competition, China has introduced the “Made in China 2025” strategy. The deep-seated challenges facing China’s manufacturing industry in the future not only require China to fully learn the universal system and common practice in the process of industrialization in developed countries, but also require China to take science and technology as its guarantee and from its unique industrial foundation, human resources, Market demand, etc., to build and continue to enhance its unique manufacturing core competencies.