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目的通过观察盐田区儿童支原体肺炎的临床特征,提高对肺炎支原体感染的认识,减少误诊误治。方法回顾性分析深圳市盐田区人民医院2008~2010年儿科住院138例支原体肺炎患儿的临床资料。结果 138例患儿中33例合并消化系统损害:表现为肝功能ALT升高或合并肝肿大,或呕吐,食欲不振,腹泻等。11例合并心肌损害:表现为心悸,胸闷,面色苍白,气促等,实验室检查示特异性心肌酶谱升高,或心电图异常。3例合并肾功能损害。3例血常规检查呈现类白血病反应,12例血常规白细胞总数低于正常。2例患儿出现惊厥史。结论肺炎支原体感染,不仅可导致上呼吸道感染、支气管炎、支气管肺炎等呼吸道疾病,还可肺外多系统损害,主要表现为合并消化系统及心血管系统损害,甚至诱发严重并发症而危及生命。故临床医生应全面观察,完善相关系统的实验室检查,及时发现并发症,及时诊治。
Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Yantian District and to raise awareness of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and to reduce misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Methods The clinical data of 138 children with mycoplasmal pneumonia admitted in pediatric department of Yantian People’s Hospital of Shenzhen City from 2008 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Thirty-three of the 138 children had digestive system damage, manifested as elevated ALT or hepatomegaly, vomiting, loss of appetite and diarrhea. Eleven patients with myocardial damage: manifested as palpitations, chest tightness, pale, shortness of breath and other laboratory tests showed elevated specific enzyme, or ECG abnormalities. 3 cases with renal damage. 3 cases of blood tests showed leukemoid reaction, 12 cases of blood total white blood cells was lower than normal. 2 cases of children with history of convulsions. Conclusions Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection not only causes respiratory diseases such as upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis and bronchopneumonia, but also causes multiple systemic damage to the lungs. The main manifestation is the combination of digestive and cardiovascular system damage, and even serious complications and life-threatening. Therefore, clinicians should comprehensively observe and improve the laboratory tests related to the system, timely detection of complications, timely diagnosis and treatment.