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烤烟施用木霉菌剂 (Tv- 1) ,不但可提高烟苗素质和抗病性 ,而且 ,可提高烟叶产量与产值 10 %左右 ,提高土壤速效养分利用率2 0 %～ 4 0 % ,N、P、K肥利用率分别提高了 7.7%、1.13%和 11.8%。施用木霉菌剂的烟株生理代谢较为协调 ,游离脯氨酸的含量降低 ,丙二醛 (MDA)的含量增加 ,有利于烟叶品质形成。研究了绿色木霉菌 Tv- 1菌株在烟草叶面的定殖情况。结果表明 :Tv- 1可以在烟草叶面定殖。喷雾后 2 4 h可以观察到 Tv- 1分生孢子吸附于烟草叶面 ,随后生长繁殖。 Tv- 1主要定殖于叶面腺毛基部及气孔周围 ,并且表现出强烈的侵入叶片的生长趋势。叶面喷雾后 4周内均可以从处理的叶片中回收到 Tv- 1,但在检测时间内 Tv- 1的定殖数量均低于原始施入量 ,除第 2周内数量略有回升外 ,其余时间均呈下降趋势。在限菌条件下通过琼脂平板培养试验 ,用木霉半选择性培养基分离计数 ,研究了影响绿色木霉菌 Tv- 1菌株在烟草根部定殖的因素。水分含量、p H值、营养成分和烟草品种对 Tv- 1菌株定殖烟草根部均有不同程度的影响。 Tv- 1在 3%含水量、偏酸性 (p H4 ,5 ,6 )、葡萄糖琼脂平板上定殖于烟草的数量高于其它条件下 Tv- 1的定殖数量 ;云烟 85、G2 8,NC89在供试的 6个烟草品种中较其它品种利于 Tv- 1的定殖。
The application of Trichoderma (Tv-1) to flue-cured tobacco can not only improve the quality and disease resistance of tobacco seedlings, but also increase the yield and output value of tobacco leaves by about 10% and the soil available nutrient utilization rate by 20% ~ 40% P and K fertilizer utilization rates increased by 7.7%, 1.13% and 11.8% respectively. The physiological metabolism of the tobacco plants treated with Trichoderma was more coordinated, the content of free proline decreased, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased, which was in favor of the quality of tobacco leaves. The colonization of Trichoderma viride Tv-1 strain on tobacco leaves was studied. The results showed that Tv-1 could colonize tobacco leaves. Tv-1 conidia could be observed adsorbed on tobacco leaves 24 h after spraying, then grew and multiplied. Tv-1 mainly colonizes the base of glandular hair follicles and stomata, and shows a strong tendency of invaded leaves. Tv-1 could be recovered from the treated leaves within 4 weeks after foliar spray, but the numbers of Tv-1 colonized in the test time were lower than those of the original application. Except for a slight rebound in the second week , The rest of the time showed a downward trend. The agar plate culture experiment was carried out under the restrictive bacteria condition, the trichoderma half-selective medium was used for separation and counting, and the factors affecting the colonization of tobacco Trv-1 strain Tv-1 were studied. Moisture content, p H value, nutrients and tobacco cultivars affected the colonization of Tv-1 strains to varying degrees. The number of Tv-1 colonizing tobacco on 3% and acidic pH (p H4, 5, 6) and glucose agar plates was higher than that of Tv-1 under other conditions. Yunyan 85, G2 8 and NC89 Tv-1 colonization was favored over other varieties in the six tobacco cultivars tested.