1、不考虑不同时期施肥效果和果树需肥特点,盲目施肥。如开花期施肥会加剧落花落果和新梢果实之间的养分竞争;7—8月份,根部追施化肥因根系吸收力极弱,效果差、易造成大量养分淋溶流失;果树生长后期的9—10月份,仍以追施氮肥为主,致使树体贪青旺长,树势虚旺,落叶延迟,苹果幼树越冬防寒困难。再如,不根据果树前期需氮肥多、后期需钾肥多、磷肥的需求全年较平稳这一特性,随意选择肥料种类等。 2、施肥方法不合理,往往达不到预期效 1, irrespective of different periods of fertilization and fruit needs fertilizer characteristics, blindly fertilization. Such as flowering fertilization will exacerbate the competition between the flowers and deciduous fruit and shoots the competition between nutrients; roots from July to August fertilizers due to root absorption is very weak, the effect is poor, easy to cause a lot of nutrient leaching loss; late fruit growth 9 - In October, topdressing nitrogenous fertilizer was still the main cause, making the tree grow greedy, vigorous, deciduous leaves, young apple trees overwinter cold hardship. Again, not according to the pre-fruiting period of more nitrogen fertilizer, more potassium needs later, the demand for phosphate fertilizer more stable throughout the year this feature, choose the type of fertilizer at random. 2, fertilization method is unreasonable, often fail to achieve the desired effect