一、引言自从費歇尔(Fischer)在1875—1884年間发現苯肼并将其引入糖类化学后,长期以来,对于肼类的研究多是为了直接或間接滿足于含有N—N键化合物之合成和研究的目的。肼类及其衍生物已被用于一系列的药物、染料、树酯和可塑料、杀虫剂、显影剂、爆发剂以及它們的中間体的合成。利用阱类以制备脂肪族偶氮化合物已被认为是最为方便和有效的方法之一,而近年来,許多国家的化学家更特别致力于肼类之杂环衍生物的研究。从肼类出发,可以合成出从含有1个到4个以上氮原子的五員、六員甚至七員杂环化合物。所有这些含氮的杂环型化合物,无論在杂环 I. INTRODUCTION Since the discovery of phenylhydrazine by Fischer between 1875 and 1884 and its introduction into carbohydrate chemistry, the study of hydrazines has long been mostly directed towards the direct or indirect satisfaction of compounds containing N-N bond The purpose of synthesis and research. Hydrazines and their derivatives have been used for the synthesis of a wide range of drugs, dyes, resins and plastics, insecticides, developers, explosives and their intermediates. The use of traps for the preparation of aliphatic azo compounds has been considered as one of the most convenient and effective methods. In recent years, however, chemists in many countries have been especially devoted to the study of heterocyclic derivatives of hydrazines. Starting from hydrazines, five, six, or seven-membered heterocyclic compounds from one to four or more nitrogen atoms can be synthesized. All of these nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, both in the heterocyclic ring