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一、裂土的区域分布规律裂土是第四纪超固结裂隙性粘土的简称,其鲜明特征是:具有垂直与斜交裂隙,常有大孔隙与斑状结构,含钙质及铁锰结核,遇水膨胀软化,失水收缩硬裂;有较强的再胶结能力,不均质与不连续性使土体呈低强度,含有伊利石～蒙脱石型的脆弱堆积物。某些裂土为介于红土黄土之间的第四纪堆积物,常伴生有巨河貍～四不象动物群化石、在半干旱～半温热气候下,形成一套褐、黄、红色的裂土层序,见表1、表2、图1.
First, the regional distribution of rift soil rift soil is the abbreviation of the Quaternary over-consolidated fractured clay, its distinctive features are: vertical and oblique fractures, often large pores and patchy structure, calcareous and ferromanganese nodules , Water swells and softens, dehydration shrinks and hard cracks; has a strong ability to re-bind, inhomogeneity and discontinuity to make the soil with low strength, containing illite - montmorillonite type of fragile deposits. Some rifts are Quaternary deposits between the loess and loess, often accompanied by fossils of giant beavers and four non-faunal animals. In a semi-arid to semi-humid climate, a set of brown, yellow, and red is formed. The rifting sequence is shown in Table 1, Table 2, and Figure 1.