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深圳基坑支护技术的发展可分为无意识应用、多种技术初始应用、土钉墙时代及各种技术理性应用4个阶段,目前为第四阶段。基坑具有多、深、大、密、近、复杂等特点。各种支护技术中,土钉墙约占50%,排桩约40%,其它10%,其中地下连续墙不太适合在深圳地区应用,排桩后撑法值得关注。地下水的治理也经历了从弱到强的过程。由于易产生较严重的环境效应及占用红线外地下空间等原因,土钉、锚杆等受拉构件的应用将进一步下降,内支撑、逆作等方法的应用将越来越多。
The development of foundation pit supporting technology in Shenzhen can be divided into four stages: unconscious application, initial application of multiple technologies, soil nailing wall era and various technical rational applications, which is currently the fourth stage. Foundation pit has many, deep, big, dense, near, complex and so on. Among various support technologies, soil nailing wall occupies about 50%, row piles about 40%, other 10%, of which underground continuous wall is not suitable for application in Shenzhen, row of piles is worth attention. Groundwater management has also gone through a weak to strong process. Due to the more serious environmental effects and occupying the underground space in the red line, the application of tensioning members such as soil nails and anchors will further decrease, and the application of internal support and counter-reaction methods will be more and more.