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过去的几年中,大量的跨国公司在中国和印度设立或计划设立分支机构。本文中我们利用GLOBE项目的数据,首次采用了一种独特的分析技术,分别衡量了美国与印度、美国与中国在文化价值观和文化现实方面的差异。我们的分析显示,美国与印度在文化价值观上的差异明显小于美国与中国在文化价值观上的差异。但是,在文化现实方面,印度和中国同美国的差异基本相同。我们的结果解释了为什么最初印度会对美国的公司更有吸引力,而一段时间之后,这些公司往往也开始在中国开展业务。同时还分析了美国公司在印度和中国的分支机构在日常的运营中往往会遇到类似程度的困难。
In the past few years, a large number of multinational corporations have set up or plan to set up branches in China and India. In this paper, we use the data from the GLOBE project for the first time to adopt a unique analytical technique that separately measures the differences in cultural values and cultural realities between the United States, India, the United States and China. Our analysis shows that the difference between the United States and India in cultural values is significantly less than the differences in cultural values between the United States and China. However, in terms of cultural reality, India and China have basically the same differences with the United States. Our results explain why India was initially more attractive to US companies, and after some time these companies often started to do business in China. At the same time, it analyzes the difficulties that U.S. branches in India and China often encounter during similar operations in their daily operations.