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本文对八倍体小滨麦与普通小麦杂交后代的细胞遗传学及附加染色体的传递及丢失规律进行了研究和讨论。结果表明，ＢＣ１Ｆ１与Ｆ２相比较，染色体分离范围小，并且分离向染色体数目减少偏移，有利于４３、４４条染色体的分离；双单体附加和单体附加后代异染色体丢失严重，分别为６５．７９％和６１．９９％，双单体附加分离出单体附加占１０．５３％，单体附加的传递率为２６．９２％，单体附加后代分离出的二体附加为５．５６％，二体附加自交世代中，异染色体的丢失率为２９．０３％，传递率为５６．４５％；ＰＭＣＭＩ染色体构型为２１．７０Ⅱ＋０．０５Ⅰ＋０．０２Ⅲ＋０．０１Ⅳ，２ｎ＝２２Ⅱ的细胞占８８．９６％。选育的附加系及具４２条染色体的株系，不同程度地表现出大穗、大粒、优质、抗病等滨麦的优良性状。
In this paper, the cytogenetics and the transmission and loss rules of extra chromosomes were studied and discussed in the progeny of crossing between O. octanoicornodendron and common wheat. The results showed that the chromosome segregation range of BC1F1 was smaller than that of F2, and the number of segregation toward chromosomes was decreased, which was in favor of the separation of chromosomes 43 and 4. The loss of heterochromosomes of double-monomer addition and monomer-added offspring was serious, which was 65 .79% and 61.99% respectively. The extra monomer added by double monomer accounted for 10.53%, the extra transmissivity was 26.92%, and the extra body attached extra monomer added 5.56 %, Self-bodily self-attachment generation, the loss rate of heterochromosomes was 29.03% and the transmissibility rate was 56.45%. The chromosomal configuration of PMCMI was 21.70Ⅱ + 0.05Ⅰ + 0.02Ⅲ + 0.01Ⅳ, 2n = 22Ⅱ 88.96%. The additional lines of selection and the lines with 42 chromosomes showed the fine traits of barley, such as big spike, big grain, high quality and disease resistance to varying degrees.