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史前大洪水是中国古代史研究不能回避的重大问题.通过野外考察研究,在关中盆地西部漆水河中游沿河谷阶地上,发现典型的全新世大洪水滞流沉积层,它们覆盖着龙山文化聚落—浒西庄遗址文化层.利用地层分析、磁化率和粒度成分测定、文化遗物鉴定、OSL和14C技术断代,证明在距今4300～4000年前,关中盆地经历了一个洪水期,发生了多次大洪水事件.在大洪水发生期间,漆水河谷沿河第二级阶地面以浒西庄遗址为代表的龙山文化早期(庙底沟二期)聚落和田地被淹没,同时,在更高阶地和黄土台原边沿地带,以赵家崖遗址为代表的龙山文化晚期(客省庄二期)聚落得到迅速发展.结合在泾河和北洛河河谷发现的史前大洪水的沉积学证据,揭示出了龙山文化晚期关中盆地普遍发生大洪水的客观事实.同时,也发现在距今3100～3000年前,即先周在周原“岐邑”时期,关中盆地漆水河谷和渭河河谷也曾经发生多次大洪水.这些研究成果,对于揭示区域气候水文变化对于全球变化的响应规律,阐明大洪水事件对于我国远古文化突变和社会转折的影响,具有十分重要的科学意义.
Prehistoric floods are a major issue that can not be avoided in the study of ancient Chinese history.Through field investigation and study, typical Holocene flood stagnate sediments are found along the valley terrace in the middle of the Qiushui River in the west of the Guanzhong Basin, covering the Yongsan culture Settlement - the cultural layer of Huzixzhuang site.Using stratigraphic analysis, magnetic susceptibility and particle size determination, cultural relics identification, OSL and 14C dating, it proves that Guanzhong Basin experienced a flood period from 4300 to 4000 years ago In the flood event, during the Great Flood, the settlements and fields of the Longshan Culture represented by Hu Xizhuang sites, the second stage of the Miaodi Gulch, were flooded at the second level ground of the Qiushui River Valley. At the same time, And the edge of the Loess Plateau, the settlement of the Longshan Culture (Kejiazhuang Phase II) represented by the Zhaojiaya site developed rapidly. Combined with the sedimentary evidence of the prehistoric floods found in the Jinghe and Beiluohe valleys, the Longshan culture In the late Guanzhong basin, there was an objective fact of floods, and at the same time it was found that in the period of Zhouyuan “Qi Yi ” from 3100 to 3000 years ago, The valley and the Weihe River valley have also occurred many floods.These research results have very important scientific significance for revealing the regional climate and hydrological changes in response to global changes and clarifying the impact of the Great Flood on the ancient Chinese cultural changes and social transitions .