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辐射在医学中的应用很广,在体检和检查中有X光、计算机断层成像(CT)、核医学试验包括正电子发射断层(PET)和骨扫描等、核磁共振(MRI)、超声波等,这些技术已经成为现代医学的一个重要诊断手段,但一个问题让很多人担心,就是辐射致癌。辐射分为两大类,电离辐射和非电离辐射。电离辐射是指能够使物质发生电离的高频辐射,这种辐射会损伤DNA分子,因此有诱发癌症的可能。非电离辐射是低频辐射,没有足够的能量直接损伤DNA分子,因此这种辐射还没有可以诱发癌症的证据。
Radiation is widely used in medicine, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) in physical examinations and examinations. Nuclear medicine tests include positron emission tomography (PET) and bone scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound. These technologies have become an important diagnostic tool in modern medicine. However, one issue that many people worry about is radiation-induced cancer. Radiation is divided into two broad categories, ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation refers to high-frequency radiation that can ionize matter, which can damage DNA molecules and therefore has the potential to induce cancer. Non-ionizing radiation is low-frequency radiation and does not have enough energy to directly damage DNA molecules, so there is no evidence of cancer that can induce cancer.