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为有效防治煤矿冲击地压,或在一定程度上减小冲击地压事故造成的损失,提出了一种矿用六边形折痕吸能防冲构件,构件防冲体现在构件被压溃过程中吸收冲击能、压溃空间给煤岩提供了一定的能量释放空间和构件恒力变形阶段为液压阀打开提供了时间。采用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟了不同壁厚、不同凹角宽度、轴向“堆积”不同模块个数的构件的吸能特性,并与常规六边形薄壁进行了对比分析。结果表明,折痕引入能有效降低常规六边形构件的峰值载荷、载荷波动系数,提高能量吸收和增加冲程效率,验证了折痕构件的有效性。六边形折痕构件具有较高的冲程效率,模块凹角宽度及壁厚对冲程效率、吸能评价指标影响较小。载荷波动系数随壁厚增加而降低,构件的峰值载荷、平均压溃载荷及吸收能量随壁厚增加而增加。模块凹角宽度对构件的防冲性能影响较大,应选择合适的模块凹角宽度。随“堆积”模块数增加,峰值载荷降低,反力波动增大。防冲构件与现有液压支柱结合使用能提高支柱的防冲性能。
In order to effectively control the coal mine rock burst or to reduce the damage caused by the rock burst to a certain extent, a hexagonal folding energy-absorbing anti-shock element is proposed. In the absorption of impact energy, crushing space to provide a certain amount of energy to the coal rock release space and components of the constant deformation phase provides for hydraulic valve open time. The ABAQUS finite element software was used to simulate the energy absorption characteristics of different modules with different wall thickness, different concave width, axial “stacking” and compared with the conventional hexagonal thin wall. The results show that crease introduction can effectively reduce the peak load, the load fluctuation coefficient, increase the energy absorption and increase the stroke efficiency of conventional hexagonal members, and verify the effectiveness of crease members. Hexagonal crease members have higher stroke efficiency, module width and wall thickness of the stroke efficiency, energy-absorbing evaluation index less affected. The fluctuating coefficient of load decreases with the increase of wall thickness, and the peak load, average crush load and absorbed energy increase with the increase of wall thickness. Module concave corner width impact on the impact of components larger, should choose the appropriate width of the module concave angle. As the number of “stacked” modules increases, the peak load decreases and the reaction force fluctuation increases. Impact-resistant components in combination with existing hydraulic props improve the ballast’s impact resistance.