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长期以来,戊戌变法史研究之中,种种问题,争鸣甚多。唯独于其中“公车上书”一节,殊少异议,呈现这种局面,主要因为已有“成论”。此种“成论”,概括起来有四点: (一) 以为“公车上书”者,即是“康有为联合各省在北京会试的举人一千三百余人签名上书”,或至少由康氏领导此大联署、大上书。 (二) 因而认为“公车上书”运动,“是由维新派领导发动的”,而“维新派”即康(有为)党也。 (三) 因而认为康氏《上清帝第二书》即为该运动之纲领文献;而该《书》“着
For a long time, there were many issues and controversies among the research on the history of 1898 Reform Movement. Only in which the “bus letter” section, with little objection, showing this situation, mainly because of “conclusion.” Such “conclusion” can be summed up in four points: (1) those who think “bus writing” are “signed by Kang Yu-wei to join over 1,300 delegates from all provinces meeting in Beijing” or at least Kang Lead this large joint force, big letter. (B) Therefore, it is considered that the “bus letter” campaign was “initiated by the rebel leaders,” while the “reformers” were the Kang (promising) parties too. (C) Therefore, Kang’s “Second Book of the Qing Emperor” is the programmatic document of the campaign; and the book