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采用超声波、冷凝回流及常温浸泡3种方法从苦参中提取分离生物碱,经初步分析,其主要成分为苦参碱、氧化苦参碱等。运用药理学方法对得到的生物碱进行了抗鱼体车轮虫试验,结果显示:苦参生物碱能对鱼体鳃部车轮虫起到有效的驱杀作用;不同提取方法的提取物中由于生物碱的成分与含量有差异,对车轮虫的杀灭效果也有显著差异;超声波提取物中苦参碱的含量最高,对车轮虫的杀灭效果也最好,表明苦参生物碱中对车轮虫起驱杀作用的成分主要是苦参碱。
The alkaloids were extracted and extracted from Sophora flavescens by ultrasonic wave, condensation reflux and soak at ordinary temperature. After preliminary analysis, the main constituents were matrine and oxymatrine. The results showed that the alkaloids of Sophora flavescens could effectively kill or kill the rotifer of the gill of the fish body. In the extracts of different extraction methods, Alkali composition and content of the carotid worm killing effect is also significantly different; ultrasonic extract the highest content of matrine, the killing effect on the car rodents are also the best, indicating that the carotenoids alkaloids on the car bug The main ingredient that drives the killing effect is matrine.