《说文解字》收聚了汉代及汉代以前使用的汉字,汉字是音义的载体,透过它往往可以窥探到当时的政治、文化、风俗诸方面的实情。本文试图从《说文解字·田部》的全部汉字入手,探求古老的井田制及井田文化。井田制是与农业生产排水和灌溉密切相关的一种土地疆理制度,也完美地把当时的政治、赋税徭役、城乡布局有机结合起来。它是当时经济和文化的产物,促进了当时农业的发展、社会的稳定有序,是推动当时整个社会前进的重要力量。井田制虽已没落,但后代的土地制度都是在它的基础上发展来的,都有它的影子。以井田制为代表的农耕文化已经深深融入了华夏文明的血液中,成为后人研究中不可或缺的一部分。 “Shuo Wen Jie Zi” collected the Chinese characters used in the Han and Han dynasties. Chinese characters are the carriers of the meaning of the semantics. Through it, they often can peek into the political, cultural and customs aspects at that time. This article attempts to start with the full characterization of “Shuowenjie Zi Tian” to explore the ancient well field and well field culture. Well-field system is a kind of land management system closely related to drainage and irrigation of agricultural production, and also organically combines the current politics, taxation and military service and urban-rural distribution. It was a product of the economy and culture at the time, promoted the development of agriculture at that time and was stable and orderly in society. It was an important force that pushed forward the entire society at that time. Although the field system has declined, the offspring’s land system has developed on the basis of it and has its shadow. The farming culture represented by the Ida system has deeply integrated into the blood of the Chinese civilization and has become an indispensable part of the research of future generations.