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目的掌握重庆市长寿区布病疫情动态、流行规律,预测布病流行趋势,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法对2011—2015年从事与牲畜及畜产品有接触的布病高危人群进行血清学监测,用描述流行病学方法对监测结果进行分析。结果共监测高危人群1 213人,感染39人,感染率为3.22%。以青壮年感染为主,年龄、性别间感染率差异无统计学意义,不同职业间感染率比较,奶牛饲养员感染率最高(5.91%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.03,P<0.01)。共监测6 688头奶牛,血清阳性率为5.95%。结论长寿区奶牛是人间布鲁氏菌病感染的主要传染源,饲养奶牛人员为主要受威胁人群,应加强牲畜检疫,加强人群监测,开展健康教育及健康促进,减少人群感染。
Objective To grasp the dynamic and epidemic laws of brucellosis in Changshou District of Chongqing and predict the epidemic trend of brucellosis and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Serological surveillance was conducted on the high risk population of brucellosis with contact with livestock and livestock products from 2011 to 2015, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the surveillance results. Results A total of 1 213 people at high risk were monitored and 39 were infected with an infection rate of 3.22%. The prevalence of infection among young and middle-aged was the highest, while the infection rate among age and gender was not statistically different. The infection rate among different occupations was the highest (5.91%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 32.03, P <0.01) ). A total of 6 688 cows were monitored and the seroprevalence was 5.95%. Conclusions Dairy cows in Changshou District are the main source of infection of human brucellosis. Breeding dairy cows as the main threatened population should strengthen animal quarantine, strengthen population monitoring, carry out health education and health promotion, and reduce human infection.