论文部分内容阅读
利用黑龙江省水利科学研究院水利试验研究中心综合实验观测场2011年11月-2012年4月整个冻结融化期的实测野外黑土耕层土壤温度和水分数据,对中-深季节冻土区黑土耕层土壤冻融过程中冻结和融化特征分阴、阳坡进行了分析,研究了冻融过程中不同深度土壤水分的变化情况,并探讨了降水对不同深度耕层土壤含水量变化的影响.结果表明:黑土耕层土壤冻结融化过程分为5个阶段,历时164 d,约5.5个月.阶段I,秋末冬初黑土耕层土壤开始步入冻结期;阶段II,黑土耕层土壤整日处于冻结状态,阴坡比同样深度的阳坡土壤温度低;阶段III为黑土耕层土壤稳定冻结期;阶段IV,黑土耕层土壤步入昼融夜冻的日循环交替状态,冻融循环的土层逐渐向深部发展,阳坡比阴坡融化得更深、更早,阴坡比阳坡经历冻融循环次数更多;阶段V为稳定融化期,在融化过程不存在冻融交替的现象,直到整个冻层内的土壤全部消融.各深度位置阴坡土壤温度的最高值出现时间比阳坡晚约0.5h.经过整个冻结融化期后,阴、阳坡各层土壤含水量均大于冻结前,阴坡土壤含水量比阳坡整体偏低.在整个冻结融化期,阳坡地下1 cm、5 cm、10 cm及15 cm处含水量最大值出现在地下5 cm;阴坡的含水量整体趋于平稳且在融化期受降水影响明显.
Based on the measured data of field black soil temperature and moisture in the whole frozen thawing period from November 2011 to April 2012, The freezing and thawing of the soil during the freeze-thaw process were analyzed, and the sunny slopes were analyzed. The changes of soil moisture at different depths in the process of freezing-thawing were studied, and the effects of precipitation on the changes of soil moisture in different depths of plow layers were discussed. Results The results showed that the process of soil freezing and thawing in black soil topsoil was divided into five stages, which lasted 164 days and lasted for about 5.5 months.The soil in black soil layer began to freeze in stage I and late autumn and early winter. Stage II, In the frozen state, the shady slopes have a lower temperature than the sunny slopes of the same depth. Phase III is the stabilized freezing period of black soil topsoil. In the stage IV, the black soil topsoils step into the alternating daily diurnal freeze-thaw cycles, Layer gradually deepened, the sunny slope melted deeper than the shady slope, earlier, shady slopes experienced more freeze-thaw cycles than the sunny slope; Stage V is stable thawing period, there is no melting and thawing alternation phenomenon until The soil in the whole frozen layer all melted.The highest temperature of shady soil in each depth occurred about 0.5h later than the sunny slope.After the entire freezing and thawing period, The moisture content of shady slope was lower than that of the sunny slope.The maximum water content of 1 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm below the sunny slope appeared in the ground 5 cm in the whole freezing and thawing period. It is stable and affected by precipitation during the thawing period.