1.固定论是传统地质学的地球观和方法论,它统治了地球科学近百年。固定论的基本思想是:大陆在原来的位置上作垂直升降运动;地壳构造发展史就是一部重复升降的运动史;魏格纳的大陆漂移说,向这一传统观点提出了挑战,他的基本观点是,地球构造不是固定不 1. Fixed theory is the earth view and methodology of traditional geology, which ruled the earth science for nearly a hundred years. The basic idea of ​​the theory of fixedness is that the mainland moves vertically in its original position; the history of the crustal structure is a history of repeated movements; and Wigner’s continental drift says that it poses a challenge to this traditional view. His The basic idea is that the Earth’s structure is not fixed